By Saul Arbess, published in The Toronto Star, Mon., July 13, 2020
As Canada contemplates the post-Covid-19 world and citizens everywhere are considering the issue of defunding militarized police, we must also focus on Canada’s military budgets, which have increased from $18.9 billion in 2016-17, to $32.7 billion in 2019-20.
Under Canada’s 2017 defence policy, the federal government will be spending $553 billion on national defence over the next 20 years. Major procurement costs are for: 88 F-35 combat jets; the Canadian Surface Combatant Project and Joint Support Ship Project; two supply ships, now under design review; and missiles and associated costs for its CF-118 fighter jets.
These estimates do not include military missions — for example, the more than $18B spent in the futile combat mission in Afghanistan, where we did not even move the dial toward removing the Taliban.
It should be noted that the new naval frigate design includes the ability to participate in ballistic missile defence, which begins to commit Canada to this endlessly costly unproven strategy.
In June 2019, the Parliamentary Budget Office compiled a revised cost estimate for the new ships, predicting the program will cost close to $70 billion over the next quarter-century — $8 billion more than its previous estimate. Internal government documents, in 2016, estimated the total operating costs, over the life of the program, at more than $104 billion. All of these investments are for high-end war fighting. We have to ask: who is the enemy we are aggressively arming against with these massive costs?
On June 11, The Canadian Press reported that Defence Department Deputy Minister Jody Thomas stated that she has received no indication from the federal government that it intends to reduce its much-increased military spending, despite the soaring federal deficit and the critical need to prepare for the post-COVID-19 recovery in Canada.
In fact, she indicated that: “ … officials are continuing to work on the planned purchase of new warships, fighter jets and other equipment.”
Contrast this with the nearly flat-lined government investment in climate change mitigation and environment, at around $1.8 billion annually. This is pitiably small, when we consider the crises we face, assuming there will be only one wave of the current pandemic.
Canada needs a conversion to a green economy, away from fossil fuel production, to include a fair transition and retraining of displaced workers. There is a need for extraordinary investment in the new economy to enable a move toward climate change mitigation, environmental sustainability and social justice, which will benefit all Canadians. We do not need increased investment in things that have no redeeming social value by endlessly preparing for war.
Where will the funds for that investment come from? By converting the military’s vast projected expenditures to these essential tasks.
Canada’s military should be reduced to a level sufficient to protect our sovereignty, but incapable of acting as a belligerent abroad, such as questionable NATO missions around the world.
Rather, Canada should lead in support of the proposed UN Emergency Peace Service (UNEPS), a standing UN formation of 14,000-15,000 dedicated personnel designed to prevent armed conflict and protect civilians. The Canadian Forces should also considerably increase its participation in UN peace operations that has dwindled close to zero personnel.
UNEPS could radically reduce our need for a national force beyond self-defence. Rather, our role should be as a nonbelligerent middle power seeking negotiated nonviolent resolution of conflict.
We can have either a bloated military with an increased combat-ready stance against undetermined enemies, or a successful post-COVID-19 recovery that enhances the quality of life and sustainable practices for our people. We cannot afford both.
Dr. Saul Arbess is cofounder and board member of the Canadian Peace Initiative.
In 2017, the world spent all time high $1.7 trillion on its uniformed fighters. That’s equivalent to about a thousand dollars per family on the planet. Yet all these weapons have not made the world less violent.
A new book by Vijay Mehta, How Not to Go to War: Establishing Departments for Peace and Peace Centres Worldwide, asks: “How can peace be institutionalised?”
The book argues that “For every department of defence, there needs to be a department of peace that allocates public resources to forestall violence and militarism, by measures of pre-emptive conflict resolution rather than waiting for it to occur and then deploying violence against it. Such departments of peace will be distinct from foreign and development ministries, compromised as they are by espionage, export-promotion and securitisation of aid. By opening peace / social centres / franchises, in each city, town and village, the Peace Department can contain violence and foster a culture of peace.”
The book argues that the establishment of Departments of Peace can lead to saving of trillions of dollars.
Listen to an interview about the book http://davidswanson.org/talk-nation-radio-vijay-mehta-on-how-not-to-go-to-war/. Order the book: https://www.amazon.ca/How-Not-War-Establishing-Departments-ebook/dp/B07R8J42WF.
Another new book Are We Done Fighting? Building Understanding in a World of Hate and Division shares practical tips, stories, and research about peacebuilding at the grassroots and beyond. Primarily focused on evidence-based strategies for building healthier relationships in an increasingly polarized world, the last section of the book focuses more specifically on international peace issues. It discusses the need for new creative approaches to mediation, peace education, civilian protection in armed conflicts, and other war prevention measures. It mentions the potential of a Department of Peace to coordinate and pursue such activities with a heavy focus on acting early and in a coordinated way to prevent wars. Rather than focus on the problems, Are We Done Fighting? lifts up actions each of us can take in our day to day lives to help spread peace.
Watch the one minute video trailer below and find out more and order via the book’s website https://AreWeDoneFighting.com.
For the Master’s Program in Peace and Conflict Studies at University of Manitoba, Victor Kliewer wrote a thesis titled The Canadian Department of Peace: History and Potential.
ABSTRACT
This thesis examines the possibility of establishing a Department of Peace (DOP) as a Department of the Government of Canada. The topic has been introduced in Parliament twice—in 2009 as Bill C-447 and in 2011 as Bill C-373; neither Bill received any further action beyond the First Reading.
The introduction of the bills could only happen on the basis of significant support among Canadians. At present, in 2019, efforts to reintroduce the DOP into the Government, although somewhat muted, continue; and the concern for peace—including all of its diverse aspects, both within Canada and around the world—remains as urgent as ever.
The thesis, based on relevant literature and oral interviews, evaluates the establishment of a DOP in the context of the Canadian peace tradition as well as other global peace developments. It concludes that a DOP has great potential to move the peace agenda in Canada forward but that, in view of the priorities of the current government and the general mood in Canadian society, it is not realistic to expect a DOP to be implemented at present. The recent appointment of the Women, Peace and Security Ambassador in December 2018 represents a step in this direction, but a fully structured DOP would provide a more significant framework for the advancement of peace, defined in the preamble of Bill C-373 as “not simply the absence of active hostilities but rather a state of non-violence, harmony, and amity.”
The full thesis is available in PDF from the University of Manitoba library.
